The main purpose of the endocrine system is to produce, store, and excrete hormones. It includes the following:
- Hypothalamus: Organizes and controls emotions, feeling, mood (including hunger and appetite). The hormones that are secreted here (oxytocin- stimulates ejaculation of milk, ADH- reabsorption of sodium ions in the kidneys), influence the pituitary gland.
-Pituitary gland: Has two lobes which secrete hormones.
Anterior Lobe: Tropic (stimulates other endocrine glands), Prolactin (milk production), TSH
(thyroid stimulating hormone), ACTH (adrenocorticotropic hormone), Gonadotropic (follical
stimulating), LH (lutinizing hormone- endorphines)
Posterior: Oxytocin, ADH
-Thyroid: Has two lobes which are connected by isthmus. It secretes TH (thyroid hormone) which is essential for growth and development.
- Parathyroid: Releases PTH, which raises blood calcium if it is low.
*The thyroid and the parathyroid work together to keep blood calcium levels normal*
-Pancreas: Secretes Insulin (lowers blood sugar) as well as Glucagon (which raises blood sugar.
- Adrenal glands: Produce Gluccorticoids which lower inflammation
- Adrenal medulla: Produces Ephiephrine (Adrenaline) which is responsible for our flight or fight response
The kidneys, ovaries, testies, and heart are also part of the endocrine system.
- Hypothalamus: Organizes and controls emotions, feeling, mood (including hunger and appetite). The hormones that are secreted here (oxytocin- stimulates ejaculation of milk, ADH- reabsorption of sodium ions in the kidneys), influence the pituitary gland.
-Pituitary gland: Has two lobes which secrete hormones.
Anterior Lobe: Tropic (stimulates other endocrine glands), Prolactin (milk production), TSH
(thyroid stimulating hormone), ACTH (adrenocorticotropic hormone), Gonadotropic (follical
stimulating), LH (lutinizing hormone- endorphines)
Posterior: Oxytocin, ADH
-Thyroid: Has two lobes which are connected by isthmus. It secretes TH (thyroid hormone) which is essential for growth and development.
- Parathyroid: Releases PTH, which raises blood calcium if it is low.
*The thyroid and the parathyroid work together to keep blood calcium levels normal*
-Pancreas: Secretes Insulin (lowers blood sugar) as well as Glucagon (which raises blood sugar.
- Adrenal glands: Produce Gluccorticoids which lower inflammation
- Adrenal medulla: Produces Ephiephrine (Adrenaline) which is responsible for our flight or fight response
The kidneys, ovaries, testies, and heart are also part of the endocrine system.
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